La dispersión de la identidad corporativa como generadora de problemas comunicacionales y organizacionales

La gestión comunicacional es transmisora de mensajes y generadora de imágenes en los diferentes públicos de la sociedad. Sean personas naturales o jurídicas (organizaciones), la comunicación parte necesariamente de la existencia de una base común: la identidad. La identidad corporativa, entendida como el conjunto de elementos empresariales, organizacionales, operacionales y de comportamiento compartidos por los miembros de una institución tiene que administrarse, pues solo con esta labor es que adquiere y genera valor; es decir, cumple su labor de activo intangible. Contrariamente, la ausencia de gestión permite la aparición de un fenómeno frecuente, pero hasta ahora no conceptualizado: la dispersión. El presente trabajo propone un marco teórico en torno a lo que es, cómo se genera y algunas formas en las que se presenta la dispersión de la identidad corporativa, situaciones de las cuales se derivan una serie de problemas comunicacionales y organizacionales que, de no haber una intervención para su solución, pueden convertirse en fallas estructurales que afectarían tanto el desarrollo como las actividades de la organización

La dispersión de la identidad corporativa como generadora de problemas comunicacionales y organizacionales

La gestión comunicacional es transmisora de mensajes y generadora de imágenes en los diferentes públicos de la sociedad. Sean personas naturales o jurídicas (organizaciones), la comunicación parte necesariamente de la existencia de una base común: la identidad. La identidad corporativa, entendida como el conjunto de elementos empresariales, organizacionales, operacionales y de comportamiento compartidos por los miembros de una institución tiene que administrarse, pues solo con esta labor es que adquiere y genera valor; es decir, cumple su labor de activo intangible. Contrariamente, la ausencia de gestión permite la aparición de un fenómeno frecuente, pero hasta ahora no conceptualizado: la dispersión. El presente trabajo propone un marco teórico en torno a lo que es, cómo se genera y algunas formas en las que se presenta la dispersión de la identidad corporativa, situaciones de las cuales se derivan una serie de problemas comunicacionales y organizacionales que, de no haber una intervención para su solución, pueden convertirse en fallas estructurales que afectarían tanto el desarrollo como las actividades de la organización

Social-Emotional Inhibition of Return in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Typical Development

In typical development there is a bias to orient visual attention to social information. Children with ASD do not reliably demonstrate this bias, and the role of attention orienting has not been well studied. We examined attention orienting via the inhibition of return (IOR) mechanism in a spatial cueing task using social-emotional cues; we studied 8- to 17-year-old children with ASD (n=41) and typically developing controls (TDC) (n=25). The ASD group exhibited a significantly stronger IOR effect than the TDC group, and the IOR effect correlated positively with social impairments, but was unrelated to co-occurring ADHD or anxiety symptoms. These results provide evidence of an early visual attention mechanism that is directly related to core social deficits in ASD

PREFORMATIVE MOLT EXTENT AND AGING AND SEXING CRITERIA FOR EIGHT HUMMINGBIRD SPECIES IN SOUTHEASTERN PERU

Little attention has been paid to molt and age criteria in hummingbirds despite the importance of molt and age to numerous behavioral and ecological questions. We examined age-based molt patterns and bill corrugations in eight species of lowland Amazonian hummingbirds. Molt strategies and rates of bill smoothing were similar to those of more well-studied North American species, with all species showing partial preformative  molts (replacing only body feathers and some wing coverts and retaining all remiges and rectrices), and bill corrugations reducing to less than 10% of bill length in all species during the first annual cycle. Several species showed evidence of delayed maturation in males in regard to plumage characteristics or bill coloration

OPPL-Galaxy, a Galaxy tool for enhancing ontology exploitation as part of bioinformatics workflows

Biomedical ontologies are key elements for building up the Life Sciences Semantic Web. Reusing and building biomedical ontologies requires flexible and versatile tools to manipulate them efficiently, in particular for enriching their axiomatic content. The Ontology Pre Processor Language (OPPL) is an OWL-based language for automating the changes to be performed in an ontology. OPPL augments the ontologists’ toolbox by providing a more efficient, and less error-prone, mechanism for enriching a biomedical ontology than that obtained by a manual treatment. Results We present OPPL-Galaxy, a wrapper for using OPPL within Galaxy. The functionality delivered by OPPL (i.e. automated ontology manipulation) can be combined with the tools and workflows devised within the Galaxy framework, resulting in an enhancement of OPPL. Use cases are provided in order to demonstrate OPPL-Galaxy’s capability for enriching, modifying and querying biomedical ontologies. Conclusions Coupling OPPL-Galaxy with other bioinformatics tools of the Galaxy framework results in a system that is more than the sum of its parts. OPPL-Galaxy opens a new dimension of analyses and exploitation of biomedical ontologies, including automated reasoning, paving the way towards advanced biological data analyses

The Distance to SN 1999em from the Expanding Photosphere Method

We present optical and IR spectroscopy of the first two months of evolution of the Type II SN 1999em. We combine these data with high-quality optical/IR photometry beginning only three days after shock breakout, in order to study the performance of the ``Expanding Photosphere Method'' (EPM) in the determination of distances. With this purpose we develop a technique to measure accurate photospheric velocities by cross-correlating observed and model spectra. The application of this technique to SN 1999em shows that we can reach an average uncertainty of 11% in velocity from an individual spectrum. Our analysis shows that EPM is quite robust to the effects of dust. In particular, the distances derived from the VI filters change by only 7% when the adopted visual extinction in the host galaxy is varied by 0.45 mag. The superb time sampling of the BVIZJHK light-curves of SN 1999em permits us to study the internal consistency of EPM and test the dilution factors computed from atmosphere models for Type II plateau supernovae. We find that, in the first week since explosion, the EPM distances are up to 50% lower than the average, possibly due the presence of circumstellar material. Over the following 65 days, on the other hand, our tests lend strong credence to the atmosphere models, and confirm previous claims that EPM can produce consistent distances without having to craft specific models to each supernova. This is particularly true for the VI filters which yield distances with an internal consistency of 4%. From the whole set of BVIZJHK photometry, we obtain an average distance of 7.5+/-0.5 Mpc, where the quoted uncertainty (7%) is a conservative estimate of the internal precision of the method obtained from the analysis of the first 70 days of the supernova evolution.Comment: 68 pages, 15 tables, 22 figures, to appear in Ap

Abundancia, nidificación y aprovechamiento de podocnemis unifilis (peta) y P. expansa (tataruga) en el río Blanco (cuenca del río Iténez, Amazonía boliviana)

Las poblaciones de las tortugas de agua dulce Podocnemis unifilis y P. expansa han sido poco estudiadas en Bolivia. El objetivo del presente trabajo es de presentar una línea base sobre la presencia de ambas especies en un tributario del río Iténez (río Blanco) y sobre su aprovechamiento por dos comunidades locales. Se realizaron avistamientos de P. unifilis a lo largo de un transecto de 100 km, además se realizaron observaciones sobre los patrones de nidificación de ambas especies. La carne y los huevos de ambas especies son importantes fuentes alimenticias para las poblaciones humanas locales. Se recomienda la implementación de estrategias de manejo sostenible de las poblaciones de las tortugas en la cuenca del río Iténez.As populações de tartarugas de água doce Podocnemis unifilis e P. expansa tem sido pouco estudadas na Bolivia. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um marco sobre a presença de ambas as espécies em um afluente do rio Guaporé* (rio Blanco) e seu uso por duas comunidades locais. Avistamentos de P. unifilis foram realizados ao longo de um transecto de 100 km, bem como observações foram feitas sobre os padrões de nidificação de ambas as espécies. A carne e os ovos de ambas as espécies sao fontes de alimento importantes para populações humanas locais. Recomenda-se a implementação de estratégias para o manejo sustentável das populações de tartarugas na bacia do rio Guaporé.* Iténez e denominado rio Guaporé no Brasil.The populations of the freshwater turtles Podocnemis unifilis and P. expansa have been little studied in Bolivia. The aim of this paper is to present a baseline on the presence of both species in a tributary of the Iténez* river (Blanco river) and its use by two local communities. Sightings were made of P. unifilis along a transect of 100 km; observations were also made on the nesting pattems of both species. Meat and eggs of both species are important food sources for local human populations. The implementation of sustainable management strategies for populations of turtles in the Iténez river basin is recommended.* The Iténez river is known as Guaporé river in Brasil

Altered reward system reactivity for personalized circumscribed interests in autism

Abstract Background Neurobiological research in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has paid little attention on brain mechanisms that cause and maintain restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests (RRBIs). Evidence indicates an imbalance in the brain’s reward system responsiveness to social and non-social stimuli may contribute to both social deficits and RRBIs. Thus, this study’s central aim was to compare brain responsiveness to individual RRBI (i.e., circumscribed interests), with social rewards (i.e., social approval), in youth with ASD relative to typically developing controls (TDCs). Methods We conducted a 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study to investigate the blood-oxygenation-level-dependent effect of personalized circumscribed interest rewards versus social rewards in 39 youth with ASD relative to 22 TDC. To probe the reward system, we employed short video clips as reinforcement in an instrumental incentive delay task. This optimization increased the task’s ecological validity compared to still pictures that are often used in this line of research. Results Compared to TDCs, youth with ASD had stronger reward system responses for CIs mostly within the non-social realm (e.g., video games) than social rewards (e.g., approval). Additionally, this imbalance within the caudate nucleus’ responsiveness was related to greater social impairment. Conclusions The current data support the idea of reward system dysfunction that may contribute to enhanced motivation for RRBIs in ASD, accompanied by diminished motivation for social engagement. If a dysregulated reward system indeed supports the emergence and maintenance of social and non-social symptoms of ASD, then strategically targeting the reward system in future treatment endeavors may allow for more efficacious treatment practices that help improve outcomes for individuals with ASD and their families